Friday, May 31, 2019

Proverbs Essay -- Bible Religion

Proverbs Choice and Discernment, the Two shipway of LivingIn studying the book of Proverbs there is a similar theme of choice and discernment, the teachings of decision-making and the repercussions of your actions. These books are made up of extremes and polar opposites. The dualisms are the rich and poor, the righteous and the wicked, and the wise and the foolish. There is advice given and it is up to the judgment of the some one(a) to which category they will fall into. There are two ways of living, and based on the persons discernment and ultimate choice to which one they will get to live. This paper will focus on Proverbs 10, 12, and 14, Solomons Proverbs, to display this theme of choice and discernment. Proverb 10 is an antithetical parallelism, because the second telephone circuit is opposite of the first. This musical passage is both observational and didactic. Some of the passages are subtle entities and some are teachings that promote an ideal. Wise children engage th eir fathers proud of them foolish ones flummox their mothers grief (101). This first passage is very simple if you are wise, consequently you will be good to your parents, the teaching is, do not be foolish. The neighboring passage has great insight, wealth you get by dishonesty will do you no good, but honesty can save your life (102). This passage is an ellipsis because it leaves out detail to how exactly honesty can save your life, but it will do you more good than being dishonest. You will be rewarded for choosing to act wisely. The Lord will not let good people go hungry, but he will keep the wicked from getting what they fate (103). This passage shows the world as a just world, that God/dess will keep things even keel, even though this is not the case. Things are unfair sometimes, and utilise observation on personal life experiences, bad things can happen to good people. Although this passage does teach that if you choose to be good, you will be taken care of, and if you choose to be wicked you will not always get what you want. There are two choices here on how to live, good or wicked, and good judgment would be choosing to be good. It encourages again the need for right decision making. These passages lack emotion they are just a steady string up of advice. They speak of retribution you will get whats coming to you. If you choose to be lazy, you will be poor and not achieve any status, if you choose... ... that if you make the right decision, God will help you, he will guide and save you. This maybe the details that are left out of Proverbs, there may not be a need for detail at all. It doesnt matter what the situation is, dont be lazy, the out come then will be the help of the Lord. This advice is God/dess guidance, it is then up to you which path you will take, what decisions will be made, and which life you choose to live. The Lord can alone bring us this far He/She is unable to help, if we are do not make the right decisions and live righ teously. Works CitedBricker, Daniel P. The Doctrine of the Two Ways in Proverbs. Doctoral candidate in Old Testament at Fuller Theological Seminary, Pasadena. 1995. ATLA index. Buttrick, George Arthur. The Interpreters Bible, twelve volumes. Abingdon Press, Nashville, 1984. Clifford, Richard J., A Commentary by Proverbs, The Old Testament Library. Editorial Advisory Board James L. Mays, Carol A. Newsom, David I. Petersen. Westminster John Knox Press, Louisville, Kentucky, 1999. Drane, John. Introducing the Old Testament. Harper & Row, Publishers. San Francisco, 1987.

Thursday, May 30, 2019

AIDS: The Search for a Cure :: Free AIDS Essays

aid The Search for a Cure788,400 minutes In 1999 the unseasoned York health department released figures indicating that after diagnosis of full blown AIDS, patients had an average of 19 months left to live 788,400 minutes. These figures with only about 20 years of familiarity to work with the AIDS virus didnt start appearing in the United States until the late seventies, and was unacknowledged until the 80s, making AIDS research a relatively new field. First stigmatized and associated with unsafe homosexual sex and then mainstreamed when professional basketball player Magic Johnson announced he was infected, AIDS awareness has come a long way. AIDS education through schools, public service announcements, and government organizations has informed the populace of the various ways the illness is spread. Media attention in the mid-90s promoted research and drug development for HIV and AIDS, but in more recent years it seems to have been dropped from public consciousness. With over 800,000 nation living with AIDS in the United States today it is our public amenability to provide adequate care for patients and to study the virus, that we might work towards education and a cure.The Facts Although there may never be a definitive cure for AIDS, the chances are very good that a vaccine will be true for HIV, saving the lives of millions and eventually also saving our citizens billions and billions of dollars in health care. However, it takes a long time for drugs to be researched and made available on the market. Teams of highly ingenious and educated scientists spend many hours in the laboratory to develop medicine capable of combating the AIDS virus. All of this requires money. Experienced scientists must be paid accordingly, and it fag end take 20 years of research to test one drug. This time is precious to those suffering from disease and patients sometimes take dangerous risks, buying drugs from otherwise countries before they have been approved in the U.S. or taking completely untested drugs. Plus, even when millions are already spent, if the product is ineffective or has harmful side effects the work is started all over again. In the private sector, the money for drug research comes from investors who hope to make a profit in one case the medication is on the market. Drug companies have to make enough money to cover the costs of production and their investors, this is one reason prescription drugs are so expensive for consumers.

Cloudstreet by Tim Winton :: essays research papers

In Cloudstreet, the mysterious figure of the Blackfella appears at key points, mostly to immobile. In each occurrence he appears to represent a different meaning or purpose, but there is an overall symbolic representation, and that is of spirituality.Although he appears to be in physical presence, as in where he dialogue to Quick, the Blackfella has an overwhelming spiritual presence. This is not represented just through aboriginal symbolism there argon also many biblical references when the Blackfella appears.On knave 61 the Blackfella flees from Cloudstreet once he reaches the centre of the house. This portrays a sense of spirituality in the air due to the ancestral deaths that had occurred there.In an imaginary scene on rascal 178, Fish sees a lack man flying around and over him. This image represents somewhat an impression of the spiritualistic freedom the Blackfella has.On page 208, Quick picks up the Blackfella who has take the role of a hitchhiker. He leads Quick back h ome to Cloudstreet, but Quick refuses to go back. During the drive to Cloudstreet, a biblical reference is made to the Blackfella. From his bag, he pulls out bread and a wine-like drink, much like the bible story, and this supply appears not to deplete. Quick suspects nothing at all.By page 217, Quick begins to think about who this black man is. Quick had been pulling in hundreds of fish in an almost incomprehensible situation, where he would be catching strings of fish attached to each other. As he is rowing he sees a black figure that appears to be walking on water. As he moves closer he recognises the black figure as the familiar Blackfella. This, again, can be perceived as a biblical reference. rogue 326 has a short appearance of the Blackfella to Fish, who sees him across the street from Cloudstreet. As a truck goes by, the Blackfella disappears in the dust as it leaves. This simply gives a supernatural rule to the Blackfellas presence.Earlier when Quick had given the Blackfe lla a lift to Cloudstreet, it had appeared that the Blackfella was attempting to guide Quick home. This subtle message was later presented much stronger on page 362 where the Blackfella tells Quick straight up to Go home This is not your home.Again on page 368 the Blackfella sends Quick home. When Quick turns to face him again, instead of one, there are hundreds of Blackfellas.

Wednesday, May 29, 2019

Why didn’t the Romans conquer crime? :: Classics

Why didnt the Romans conquer plague? History EssayWhy didnt the Romans conquer wickedness?I am going to pull through an essay explaining all the factors of Roman lifein the crime situation such as their laws and the punishments theygave for committing crimes. Also I will be examining their police pluck and their prison punishments. And I will finally be explainingthe public side to all this and the criminal rates of being caught.To prove that Romans did try to stop crime I am going to look at thispart of their life, as we know the first roman laws to be discoveredwere the twelve tables (written in Latin).All crime in Rome was dealtwith by the emperor and the senate. The crimes would be written downin detail past often reorganized to cover all aspects of crime. When looking for back on Romes punishments you may think that they seemvery strange but they were effective e.g. If you killed your father,you would get put in a sack with a real live snake, a dog and acockerel and thrown into a river.If you left the army you would have people throwing rocks at you andbe beaten truly badly. You could be sent down to the mines where youwouldnt last long or you could get tied to a cross. You might beexiled and lose your Roman citizenship.When the accused was in court they might try to look sad or scruffy tomake the jury sorry for them.Below is a small picture of what a roman court would have been set outlike.I have found that in Rome there was no effective police might howeverthe emperors guard protected the emperor and stopped riots. The armyacted as a police force in the provinces of the empire. The army was do up entirely of men as no women were allowed to join. The romanprisons were not used to punish criminals as they were there to holdpeople awaiting trial or prosecution. The wealthy were generally heldin arrest at the home of a friend or family member who would guaranteetheir presence at the trial. Private prisons existed for slaves.As there was no police forc e in Rome people who had been robbed ortaken the victim in the event of a crime then they would have to findtheir own evidence with the help of their friends and family and if

The Eucharist Essay -- essays research papers fc

Eucharist is the central rite of the the Nazareneian religion, in which bread and drink argon consecrated by an ordained minister and consumed by the minister and members of the congregation in obedience to Jesus command at the Last Supper, Do this in memorial of me. In the Orthodox and Roman Catholic church buildinges, and in the Anglican, Lutheran, and many other Protestant churches, it is regarded as a sacrament, which both symbolizes and effects the union of Christ with the faithful. Baptists and others parent to Holy Communion as an entry, rather than a sacrament, emphasizing obedience to a commandment. Traditionally, Jesus command to his disciples at the Last Supper to eat the bread and drink the wine in remembrance of me constitutes the institution of the Eucharist. This specific command occurs in two New will accounts of the Last Supper, Luke 2217-20 and 1 Corinthians 1123-25. Older righteousness asserts that Jesus gave this command on this occasion to ensure that Chri stians would break bread and drink wine in his memory as long as the church endured. A critical approach to the Gospel texts, however, has made this conclusion less certain. The command Do this in remembrance of me does not appear in every Matthews or Marks account of the Last Supper. Consequently, a number of scholars have supposed that the undoubted experience of communion with the risen Christ at meals in the days later on Easter inspired in some later traditions the understanding that such communion had been foreseen and commanded by Jesus at the Last Supper. The matter can believably never be resolved with complete satisfaction. In any case, the practice of eating meals in remembrance of the Lord and the belief in the battlefront of Christ in the breaking of the bread clearly were universal in the early church. The Didache, an early Christian document, refers to the Eucharist twice at some length. The Didache and the New Testament together indicate considerable diversity in both the practice and the understanding of the Eucharist, but no evidence exists of any Christian church in which the sacrament was not celebrated.The development of Eucharistic doctrine centers on two ideas presence and sacrifice. In the New Testament, no attempt is made to explain Christs presence at the Eucharist. The theologians of the early church tended to accept Jesus wo... ...s of Scripture readings, a sermon, and prayers. This part of the Eucharist, apparently adapted from Jewish synagogue worship, has been prefixed to the service of bread and wine at least since the middle of the 2nd century. The second part of the service, the service of the Upper Room, consists typically of an offering of bread and wine the central Eucharistic prayer the dispersal of the consecrated elements to worshipers and a final blessing and dismissal. This particular part of the service has its roots in the ancient traditional table prayers said at Jewish meals.The central Eucharistic prayer, the Anaphora, which is Greek for offering, typically contains a prayer of thanksgiving for the creation of the world and its redemption in Christ an account of the institution of the Last Supper the oblation, or Anamnesisthe offering of the bread and wine in thankful remembrance of Christ the Epiclesis, or invocation of the Holy Spirit on the bread and wine and on the congregation and prayers of intercession.BibliographyUnderwood, Karen. The Eucharistic Prayer. New York Dodd, Mead, & Co., 1985 Eucharist, World Book Encyclopedia (1999 edition), IV, 290-92.

Tuesday, May 28, 2019

Positive Aspects of Atticus Finch Essay -- essays research papers

In the past century, there have been many long novels written. One of which is Harper Lees, To Kill a Mockingbird. In the novel it introduces a prominent character who not only was a good experience save also a well respected, and compassionate man. This person is Atticus Finch. Through all in all the struggles and pressures, he stands strong as a very positive father figure, making sure to educate his children with important values including equality, bravery, and knowledge. Regardless of one?s race or colour, Atticus has a fair attitude towards all people. Early in the novel, a black man named Tom Robinson was accused of raping a white woman. Atticus took on the case to defend Tom without other thought simply because he treats everyone equally. From the moment he agreed to defend Tom, he knew right away that it was a case he could not confide to win. However, when his daughter, Scout asked why he was defending Tom, he told her that he must argue it to uphold his keen sense of justice and self-respect. ?Simply because we were licked a hundred years before we started is no reason for us not to try to win.? (Page 76) Furthermore, when Jem brought home Walter Cunningham, Atticus was nice enough to let him stay for tiffin and treated him as an equal. He never looked down on him even though he was a Cunningham, poor farmers who were in the middle class higher up the black. ?Jem ran to the kitchen and asked Calpurnia to set an extra plate, we had company. Atticus greeted Walter and began a discussion about crops neither Jem nor I could follow.? (Page 24)Jem learned important lessons from his father regarding bravery. Atticus? went against the norm, refusing to hunt and his disapproval of guns. He believed that guns do not make men brave a... ...to the human race and to no particular race of men. There is not a person in this courtroom who has never told a lie, who has never done an immoral thing, and there is no man living who has never looked upon a woma n without desire? (Page 204)In conclusion, Atticus has a very significant role in the novel. Through Atticus, the town became aware that, although Tom was black, Atticus still did his best to defend him and never gave up. Most importantly, Atticus proved to his children, and the townspeople that all men are created equal and should be given the same respect as everyone else regardless of their genuflect colour. He showed his son, Jem the true face of courage. Moreover, he taught his children the importance of education. A strong, solid character, such as Atticus Finch has brought the book, ?To Kill A Mockingbird? to be considered a remarkable classic.

Monday, May 27, 2019

Differences Between at and Tce on Corporate Governance

Explain the similarities and differences between AT and TCE on corporate governance and criticize AT victimisation TCEs perspective Both AT and TCE share considerably the same assumption, they believe that market mechanism will not shit all the time because of bounded rationality, opportunism, and moral hazard. The two theories also believe that there is no perfect contract and both rely endogenously on the placard of manager as a control instrument.Even though AT and TCE both share these similarities, they analyze them from different perspectives. The unit of analysis in AT is individual level, while it is transaction in TCE. The focal embody of AT is the residual loss that causes from bounded rationality, opportunism, and moral hazard, while it is maladaptation of governance building in TCE. Furthermore, the focal contractual concern of AT is ex ante, while it is ex post in TCE. AT focuses on relationship between principals (shareholders) and agents (CEO). repayable to the fa ct that the principals want to maximize their return, while the agents want to maximize their wealth, power, and prestige, so the interests of the two parties are not aligned. The agents are able to fulfill their interests without necessary fulfilling the principals. To guard duty against such bounded rationality, opportunism, and moral hazard from the agent, board of director is appointed to link the imperfect relationship between principals and agents. The board of director has the right to monitor, ramify, and clear the decision of the agent to fiduciary protect the principals interest.Apart from appointing the board of director, nexus of contracts is utilized to provide ex ante incentive alignment and minimize inefficiencies in the contractual structure of the firm that arise form the unaligned interests. TCE focuses on the alignment of the governance structure in order to minimize the transaction apostrophize as much as possible. Its focal contractual concern is ex post gover nance structure so they strive to reduce the legal proceeding cost by integration rather than focusing on incentives. TCE also assume bounded rationality, opportunism, and moral hazard as AT, but TCE focuses on transaction level instead of individual level.Apart from the assumptions of bounded rationality, opportunism, and moral hazard, two variables must be concerned in order to decide the provide governance structure. These variables are namely uncertainty, and asset specificity. The level of uncertainty is dependant on the length of the transaction and often is a part of bounded rationality. yearlong length of transaction often leads to higher uncertainty. Asset specificity, contrary to uncertainty, is better for longer length of transaction. This is due to the reason that, the transactions cost is lower in a higher specific asset.If the level of asset specificity and uncertainty are high in both parties, vertical integration is suitable in minimizing the transactions cost, bu t if the level of uncertainty is low while the asset specificity is high in both parties, long term contract is more suitable. Board of director also exists in TCE, but for different purpose than in AT. The role of the board of director in TCE is to safeguard the firm against financial mazed from by financially look after the firm rather than monitoring the agents behavior.

Saturday, May 25, 2019

Apple’s Financial Analysis Part 2

APPLES FINANCIAL ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED September 27, 2008 Income Statement a) apple Inc commits multi-step income statement format. It organizes its operating section by using functional expense classification. b) in that location ar no unusual items presented in orchard apple trees income statement. Also the c tout ensembleer-up did not discontinue any of its operations, uncomplete had any changes in accounting principles. The net income for 2008, 2007, and 200 is $4,834, $3,496, and $1,989 respectively. The net income has increase continually in past three years. Net income increased 38. 3% in 2008. apples net income growth for 2007 was 75. 7%. The income statement doesnt need restating. I excessively believe that Apple is not managing their earnings. The companys revenue and earnings per sh ar are undervalued and Apples financials appear radically weaker than they actually are. It is because in April, 2007 they made a bad decision when announced that Apple depart be u sing what is commonly referred to as the subscription method of accounting for sales of the iPh unmatched where the sales revenue from the iPhone is deferred and recognized over a 24-month finale instead of at the point of sale.When disregarding the deferred revenue mechanism of subscription accounting, Apple actually earned $7. 48 in EPS on $38. 041 billion in revenue. That compares to the $5. 36 in EPS on $32. 479 billion in revenue that Apple reported on a GAAP-basis. During 2008, the Company adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Boards (FASB) Financial explanation No. (FIN) 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxesan interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109.FIN 48 changes the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes by creating a new framework for how companies should recognize, measure, present, and disclose uncertain tax positions in their financial statements. 09/27/08Restated 09/27/09 Net Sales32,47932,479 Cost Of Goods21,33421,334 rough Profit11,14511,145 Sel ling & Adminstrative & Depr. & Amort Expenses4,8704,870 Income afterward Depreciation & Amortization6,2756,275 Non-Operating Income620620 Pretax Income6,8956,895 Income Taxes2,0612,061 Investment Gains/Losses00 Other Income/Charges00 Income From Cont. Operations4,8344,834 Extras & Discontinued Operations00Net Income4,8344,834 2) Apple Inc recognizes revenue from sales when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the sales price is opinionated or determinable, and collection is probable. Revenue from service and support contracts is deferred and recognized ratably over the service coverage periods. Revenue is deferred for the fair value of the specified upgrade rights when offered. i. A/R turnover=Net Sales/Average A/R(net) A/R turnover2007=24,066/1637=14. 70 times A/R turnover2008=32,479/2422=13. 41 times ii. earnings % A/R=Allowance/ Gross A/R Allowance % A/R2007=47/24,066=0. 0195 Allowance % A/R2008=47/32,479=0. 001445 iii. Average collection period = 365/ A/R turnover (or 365*A/R/Net Sales) Average collection period2007=365/14. 70=24. 82 (every 25 days) Average collection period2008=365/13. 41=27. 22 (every 22 days) The total sales revenues increased consistently for the past years. Net sales increased 43. 86% in 2008 compared with 2007 ($24,006 and $ 32,479 respectively), A/R have increased too by 47. 95% in 2007 compared to 20056 ($1637and $2,422 respectively). The company does not have looser credit policy, since it does not have credit accounts whatsoever. Apple has an ncreasing accounts receivable turnover which is a positive sign showing the company is successfully executing its credit policies and quickly turning its accounts receivables into cash. The ratios calculated above cannot be taken into account because they do not represent the actual A/R for the company for entire year. 3)Inventory Costing a)The company uses FIFO in costing its broth. I believe that the company uses this method, because even though tax exp ense are higher, since the Cost of Goods Sold decrease by using the lower cost items, the net effect on the net income still result it net increase.The earnings per share also increase, as well as inventory in the balance sheet. If the cost of the inventories exceeds their food market value, provisions are made currently for the difference between the cost and the market value. The Companys inventories consist primarily of finished goods for all periods presented. If they use LIFO the net income would have been higher, it can benefit from tax savings and improve its cash flow. On other hand average cost achieves a net income somewhere in the middle. b)Looking at the vertical analysis of the Income Statement cost of goods sold has decreased to 0. 34% (from 66. 3 % in 2007to 65. 69% in 2008), and net sales increased by $8475. At the same time, looking at the horizontal analysis, while in 2008 COGS increased by nearly 39. 97% compared to 2007, sales increased only by 43. 86%, and in 2 007 while GOGS increased by 15. 56%, sales increased by 24. 29%. This, in my opinion indicates inventory have a bun in the oven (50 items), and fast moving inventory (7days). i. Inventory Turnover=(COGS)/(Ave. Inventory) Inventory Turnover2007= 15,852/(270+346)/2=51. 047? 51 items Inventory Turnover2008= 21,334/(509+346)/2=49. 904? 50 items ii. Gross Profit Percentage=Gross Profit/Net SalesGross Profit Percentage2007=8,154/24,006=0. 3397? 33. 97% Gross Profit Percentage2008=11,145/32,479=. 3431? 34. 31% iii. Average Days in Inventory=365/Inventory Turnover Average Days in Inventory2007=365/51=7. 16 days Average Days in Inventory2008=365/50=7. 3 days c) Apple is doing extremely well in terms of inventory turnover, which is one of the lowest in the industry only 7days . While a sizable inventory can be important to coping with sudden surges in demand, excessive inventory is wasteful and can exacerbate financial problems if a new ingathering is introduced before old inventory is clea red.Inventory is increased from 346 million in 2007 to 509 million in 2008. Because the sales are increased too, therefore it is an indication of intemperately business activities, rather than the problem with sale of existing products. Gross profit margin is flat for year 2007 and 2008 at 34%. 4)Property, plant and equipment a)Apple Inc uses the straight-line method of dispraise based upon the assets estimated useful life. b)Asset Turnover=Net Sales/Ave total assets Asset Turnover2007=24,006/(25,347+17,205)/2)=1. 1283 Asset Turnover2008=32,479/(39,572+25,347)/2=1. 0006 c)PPE has increased in the last year by $632 million.The company has purchased PPE in 2007 in the amount of $735 million and $1,091 million in 2008. In 2008 Apple declared a loss on disposition of property, plant, and equipment for $22 million, which has increased by $10 million since 2007(12million) 5) Liabilities a)Apples liabilities are composed by short-term debt, Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses, Long-term d ebt, non-current liabilities. The major current and non-current liabilities accounts for the years of 2007 and 2008 are shown in the table below September 27, 2008 September 29, 2007_ Current liabilitiesAccounts payable $5,520 $4,970 Accrued expenses 8,572 4,310 Total current liabilities 14,092 9,280 Non-current liabilities 4,450 1,535 Total liabilities 18,542 10,815 b)Ratios i. Debt Ratio=Total Liabilities/Total Assets Debt Ratio2008=18,542/39,572=0. 468564 or 46. 86% ii. Debt to Equity=Total Liabilities/Stockholders Equity Debt to Equity2008=18,542/21,030=. 8817 iii. Times interest earned=Income before income taxes and interest expense/Interest Expense Times interest earned2008=6,275/ 0 c)Ratios for Microsofts for year ended 06/30/2008 i. Debt Ratio2008=36,507/72,793=0. 015 or 50. 15% ii. Debt to Equity2008=36,507/ 36,286=1. 0061 iii Times interest earned2006=22,492/0 These ratios are derived from Dillards financial statements that can be found on http//www. sec. gov/Archives/edga r/data/789019/000119312508162768/d10k. htm. Looking at Apples and Microsofts debt ratios, I can separate that Microsofts debt ratio is 3. 29% higher, or it has 3. 29% to a greater extent debt compared to its total assets. I think that 50. 15% indicates that Apples can be categorized a company of mollify risk level. Comparing Apples debt to equity ratio of . 8817% to Microsofts ratio of 1. 61%, I can tell that Apples are doing well, since it uses $. 88 derived from liability in addition to every $1 of equity in its business, taking advantage of the lower cost of debt for financing projects to relatively more expensive equity financing. Microsofts ration is only 0. 1793% lower, which indicates a normal debt ratio for Apple Inc. Comparing Apples ratio results to Microsofts, gives me the confidence to say that Apples liabilities fall into the industrys average. 6)Stock price a)Yahoo Finance chart PRICE DateOpenHighLowCloseAvg VolAdj Close* Sep-08172. 40173. 50120. 68128. 439,370,80012 8. 24 Aug-08159. 90180. 45152. 91169. 5323,273,800169. 53 Jul-08164. 23180. 91146. 53158. 9533,096,200158. 95 Jun-08188. 60189. 95164. 15167. 4434,281,100167. 44 whitethorn-08174. 96192. 24172. 00188. 7532,650,300188. 75 Apr-08146. 30180. 00143. 61173. 9538,841,700173. 95 Mar-08124. 44145. 74118. 00143. 5042,313,100143. 50 Feb-08136. 24136. 59115. 44125. 0246,645,400125. 02 Jan-08199. 27200. 26126. 14135. 3662,108,100135. 36 Dec-07181. 86202. 96176. 99198. 0831,771,400198. 08 Nov-07188. 60192. 68150. 63182. 2246,553,700182. 22 Oct-07154. 63190. 12152. 93189. 9537,438,400189. 95Sep-07153. 44154. 60152. 75153. 4743,935,800153. 47 b)In my opinion there is a strong positive correlation between the two charts. There are several noticeable changes of Apples stock price over the last year. In October,2007 Apples stocks increases to $189. 95 from $153. 47in Sept. The increase was referable people interest to get their hands on Mac OS X Leopard, the newest version of Apples operating system . After that since markets in general, and tech stocks in particular, were stimulate hard by poor earnings reports posted by Intel, Apples stock price dropped in first weeks of November.In the begging of January 2007 the stock dropped to $126. 14 after Jobs announced iphone sales to date of 4 million, and AT&T said that only 3. 9 million were activated, which means 100,000 iphones still in their Christmas wrapping or more likely unlocked. The companys stock decline in the first quarter was due to an antitrust suit which has been filed against Apple accusing the company of illegally maintaining a monopoly in the digital music market by failing to support Microsofts Windows Media Audio format. In May Stock reached $188. 55 because Apple reported its second quarter earnings, and its revenues of $7. 05 billion and a net profit of $1. 05 billion for the quarter. In second quarter Apple had slightly decreases and increases in stock value. On July 22, 2008 Apple reported its third quarter earnings results. The company earned $7. 46 billion during the quarter, a 37% increase from the same quarter 2007. Last month of the third quarter the company had a cut turn to $ 120. 68 per stock. 7) Final Review I believe that the company has strong results in the industry that it operates.Compared to its direct competition, Apple Inc is doing well. I also believe that Apple Inc is trying to grow, and became a leader in consumer electronics market. Based on my analysis, I agree with the companys strategy of increasing investment in Research and Development. Specifically, I suggest the sometime down the line after supplier contracts are over and equipment and technology costs have gone down Apple should enter the wireless cellular provider arena. This would allow Apple to recoup all profits instead of sharing/splitting profits with the providers.Customers buy the hardware/phone at cost rather than the current model of wireless provider subsidized phones at the expense of expensi ve plans. They should offer a quality engineered, eco-friendly, workplace data processor that is economically practical for corporations and large organizations. However due to Apples unique designing nitch and brand loyalty we feel they have the ability to amaze a portion of the bottom market that has always wished to own an Apple without diluting its luxury products image. Apple Inc would do a lot better if it was not in the declining economic environment as of now.Increasing questions about Jobs health and lack of transparency into a succession plan are decreasing the companys stability. Contrary of Wall Streets expectations Apple reports earnings of $1. 61 billion ($1. 78 per share), which was up 2 cents a share from the year earlier period. Revenue also increased from $9. 6 billion to $10. 17 billion. With stock price of $102 Apple Inc. shares have catapulted back atop the century mark today after brokerage house firm FTN Equity upgraded the stock from neutral to buy. We now believe investors are more prepared for the Chief Executive taking a smaller employment and we have not seen the multiple compression we expected, wrote analyst Bill Fearnley, Jr. I believe that by looking at the past performance of Apple, one can derive a future prognosis of Apples performance, bound to the industry development. I believe that an investor may want to buy Apples shares, since it looks like it is a strong company, and take advantage of the current low stock prices. I also would recommend to an investor not to invest all of his money in Apple, because of the uncertainty of the market.

Friday, May 24, 2019

Anti-Competitive Behavior: The Case Of Allcare Ipa

Free cope Commission (FTC). The main role of FTC, created in 1914, is outlined in its website Federal Trade Commission (http//www. ftc. gov/ftc/about. shtm) which states that It is the only national agency with both consumer cherishion and competition jurisdiction in broad sectors of the economy. As much(prenominal), it pursues vigorous and effective law enforcement, advances consumers interests. The FTC was originally created to prevent cheating(prenominal) methods of competition in commerce, but through the years, its role has widened to cover consumer protection in broad terms.It must be noted that FTCs self-confidence of rivalry promotes and protects vigorous competition by seeking out and challenging anticompetitive conduct in the marketplace and promotes competition in industries where consumer impact is high, such as health c are ((http//www. ftc. gov/ftc/about. shtm). The very nature of health care, a very basic need, explains why practices in this field is a major con cern for FTC.AllCare IPA is comprised of independent physicians that know joined together to provide a comprehensive network of multiple specialties, developed specifically for the patients health plan. (http//www. allcareipa. com/faqs/default. aspx). Its main office is free-base in Modesto, California. Since its formation, AllCare and its physicians have contracted with Preferred Provider Organizations (PPOs) to provide fee-for service care. In PPO arrangements, the payer compensates the physicians for services provided under agreed-upon fee schedules.Such arrangements may or may not entail financial risk-sharing or clinical integration. ((FTC Settles Price-Fixing Charges Against Two Separate Doctors Groups). In February 2009, FTC found AllCare IPA guilty of price-fixing and violated anticompetitive laws by orchestrating and carrying out agreements among their members to dare, and threaten to refuse, to flock with insurance providers, unless they raised the fees paid to the g roups doctors.FTC ruled that AllCares conduct in setting fees for payers and refusing to deal with payers constitutes criminal price-fixing, and violates federal law. In addition, the FTC contends AllCare engaged in every activity that might justify collective agreements on the prices its members would accept for their services. The groups physicians did not share financial risk in providing medical services, did not collaborate in any program to monitor and modify clinical practice patterns or differentwise integrate the delivery of their services.According to the FTC, between 2005 and 2006, AllCare acted to restrain competition on fee-for-service contracts by facilitating, entering into, and implementing agreements to fix the prices and other contract terms with PPO payers to engage in collective negotiations over the terms and conditions of dealing with such payers and to have members refrain from negotiating with such payers on terms other than those approved by the group. . (F TC Settles Price-Fixing Charges Against Two Separate Doctors Groups). Penalties against AllCare.AllCare has been barred to enter into similar agreements because according to FTCs Acting Director of the Bureau of Competition David Wales, when health care providers decide to purse personal gain through unlawful price-fixing, consumers are often forces to either pay higher prices or forgo vital treatments they can no longer afford. (FTC Settles Price-Fixing Charges Against Two Separate Doctors Groups). The Commissions proposed consent orders are designed to eliminate the illegal anticompetitive conduct alleged in the complaints.They would prohibit AllCare from entering into or facilitating agreements between or among physicians 1) to negotiate on behalf of any physician with any payer 2) to refuse to deal, or threaten to refuse to deal, with any payer 3) to designate the terms, conditions, or requirements upon which any physician deals, or is willing to deal, with any payer, including, but not special(a) to price terms 4) not to deal individually with any payer, or not to deal with any payer through any arrangement other than one involving AllCare, respectively.The order prohibits AllCare from exchanging information among physicians concerning whether, or on what terms, to contract with a payer and from encouraging, suggesting, advising, pressuring, inducing, or attempting to induce anyone into any actions otherwise prohibited by the order. I believe that there must always be balance in any decision that affects two opposing parties, in this case the doctors and their patients.While FTC must protect the welfare of the consumers and must do so vigorously and vigilantly, it must also take into account the needs of the doctors to protect themselves and their livelihoods against threats from the same persons who come to them for treatment. Already, many doctors are discouraged to practice their profession for fear of lawsuits, such as medical malpractice, and the tr emendous cost implications these lawsuits bring. I agree that physicians practice must be contentedness to regulation as it is prone to abuse.However, while medical care is a very basic commodity and patients, as consumers, have every right to be protected against unjust and unlawful practices in the health care industry, so do Doctors have rights to protect themselves and their livelihoods. I personally believe that that FTC ruling was excessively biased in favor of the consumers/patients. But of course, this is America, and the customer is always king. Works Cited AllCare IPA Frequently Asked Questions. 2005.6 August 2009. (http//www. allcareipa. com/faqs/default. aspx) Copy of the FTC Decision on AllCare. February 2009. August 6, 2009. (http//www. crowell. com/pdf/ManagedCare/Independent-Practice-Associates-Medical-Group. pdf) Free Trade Commission. Free Trade Commission. 6 August 2009. (http//www. ftc. gov/ftc/about. shtm) FTC Settles Price-Fixing Charges Against Two Separate Doctors Groups. 24 December 2008. 6 August 2009. (http//www. ftc. gov/ftc/about. shtm)

Thursday, May 23, 2019

Parents Are Best Teachers or Role Models Essay

Parenting is one of the most difficult and challenging tasks especially in this present generation. Parents trifle a very grand role in the upbringing of children. They are the first and earliest teachers for the children. I myself as a parent must give that my son behaves best when I attend to him the most. Though hes just three years old yet I find that his deportment is far better when I spend quality and quantity time with him. Parents have the capability of influencing and leading the child from the first day they are innate(p) until the age of 18 by being a role model. In separate words, parents are the best teachers.Parents teach how to speak, how to behave, the basic etiquettes etc. thus dish the child to grow into a morally responsible and sound individual. All the complications, challenges, barriers, obstacles a child encounters in her or his childhood terminate be kill if it is correctly approached through their parents. No matter how hard the professional teachers in school strive, to rectify or mould the child, the childs best roam for correction is at home i. e. with the parents. In spite of the fact that teachers play a vital role in childs life, it is equally important to note that parental leadership supersedes all.The natures bond, love and understanding between the child and the parent are so strong that the child can relate to the parents more effectively and they can lead the child to the correct path whenever he or she is wrong. This is equally applicable in academics as well. A child with a parental support and teaching performs far better than a child without it. A child is easily motivated in shape when the parents are regularly checking their books and attending to academics. On the other hand, a child without support even if intelligent might not perform so well. Nevertheless, not all parents are best teachers.A parent controlling the child by beating him or her up or using some other negative reinforcement will certainly ma ke the child lose the trust in parents thus weaken the parent-child bond. Similarly, parents with some bad habits will unquestionably harm the child if they do not give a right role model image to the child. So, it is extremely important that parents must learn to be role model for the child thus leading them by good examples. Besides, parents must also keep up their dedication by being a guiding spirit to their children and supporting them to be great individuals, as they are the assets of the future generation.

Wednesday, May 22, 2019

Is Foreign Debt a Problem for Bangladesh?

Is Foreign Debt a Problem for Bangladesh? Part-A Foreign debt in Bangladesh Introduction External debt is one of the sources of financial support capital formation in all economy. Developing countries like Bangladesh argon characterized by inadequate internal capital formation receivable to the vicious circle of low productivity, low income, and low savings. Therefore, this position calls for technical, managerial, and financial support from Western countries to bridge the resource gap. On the different hand, away debt acts as a major constraint to capital formation in developing nations.The burden and dynamics of external debt show that they do not contri besidese significantly to financing economic festering in developing countries. In most cases, debt accumulates because of the servicing requirements and the principal itself. In view of the above, external debt becomes a self-perpetuating mechanism of poerty aggravation, work over-exploitation, and a constraint on developme nt in developing economies. true(a)ity borrowing can be seen by clubby investors as a warning signal of the organization becoming bankrupt indoors the foreseeable future.They may in any case misgiving that organization depart impose higher taxes in future in order to facilitate the re succumbment and servicing of the loan. In that case hole-and-corner(a) investors will become less enthusiastic to invest. However, policy makers corrobo tramp to know whether public borrowing is followed by any crowding- come forward effect on investment, finished whatever channel, and to what extent and whether the detrimental effect of such actions outweighs the benefit coming from the use of borrowed property, as is bespeakd by the classical. What is public debt?Public debt is the entry records of cumulative total of all presidency borrowings less repayments that are denominated in a spheres home currency. Public debt should not be confused with external debt, which reflects the fore ign currency liabilities of both the private and public sphere and moldiness be financed out of foreign transfigure earnings. brass debt is one method of financing presidency operations, but it is not the only method. Governments can as well create bills to monetize their debts, at that placeby removing the need to pay interest.But this practice simply reduces government interest costs rather than truly canceling government debt and can result in hyperinflation if used unsparingly. Governments usually borrow by issuing securities, government bonds and bills. little creditworthy countries fewtimes borrow directly from a supranational organization (e. g. the demesne Bank) or international financial institutions. Sources of public debt A. Internal Sources. I. Borrowing from individual(a) by issuing govt bond, notes, etceteraII. Borrowing from commercial bank III. Borrowing from central bankIV. Borrowing from nan-bank Financial institution B. External Sources I. Foreign Gover nment II. Foreign private institution III. International financial institution like IMF, WB etc. Why Bangladesh economy is dependent on Public debt? To utilize natural resources scotch development Financing deficit calculate Strong social and economic structure Crucial economic contingencies Implement annual development Program upshot financing Implementation of fiscal policy To strong national defense Modernization of agriculture Facilitate quick industrialization.Factors Which Influence How Much a Government Can Borrow Domestic Savings. If consumers have a high savings ratio, there will be a greater ability for the private sector to buy bonds. Relative Interest rates. If government bonds pay a relatively high interest rate compared to other(a) investments, then ceteris paribus, it should be easier for the government to borrow. Sometimes, the government can borrow large amounts, even with low interest rates because government bonds are seen as more attractive than other inves tments. Lender of oddment Resort.If a country has a Central Bank willing to buy bonds in case of a liquidity shortages, investors are less likely to fear a liquidity shortage. If there is no lender of last resort (e. g. in the Euro) then markets have a greater fear of liquidity shortages and so are more reluctant to buy bonds. Prospects for Economic Growth. If one country faces prospect of recession, then tax revenues will fall, the debt to GDP ratio will rise. Markets will be much more reluctant to buy bonds. If there is forecast for higher growth. This will make it much easier to reduce debt to GDP ratios.The irony is that keen government outgo to reduce deficits, can lead to lower economic growth and increase debt to GDP ratios. Confidence and Security. Usually, governments are seen as a expert investment. Many governments have never defaulted on debt payments so people are willing to buy bonds because at least they are safe. However, if investors feel a government is too stretched and could default, then it will be more difficult to borrow. Foreign Purchase. A country like the US attracts substantial foreign buyers for its debt (Japan, China, UK).This foreign essential makes it easier for government to borrow. However, if investors feared a country could experience inflation and a rapid devaluation, foreigners would not want to hold securities in that country. Inflation. Financing the debt by increasing the money supply is risky because of the inflationary effect. Inflation reduces the real value of the government debt, but, that means people will be less willing to hold government bonds. Inflation will require higher interest rates to attract people to keep bonds.In theory, the government can print money to reduce the real value of debt but existing savers will lose out. If the government creates inflation, it will be more difficult to attract savings in the future. Is foreign debt a problem to Bangladesh? Excessive reliance on debt, whether do mestic or external, carries macroeconomic risks that can hinder economic and social development. Countries macro-economic is thus disturbed by this promoter just. Scarcity of resources has already compelled the government to borrow afresh and/or impose new taxes on the citizenry to meet debt service obligations.High domestic public debt pushes up interest rates and crowds out private investment, which is much needed to promote economic growth. When most government revenues are devoted to debt servicing, fiscal policy cannot be used to provide basic serve, such as education, health, safe drinking water and housing. Unfortunately, the national budget annual statement of the governments income and outlay does not recognize the gravity of the situation characterized by its serious problem to finance the external debt servicing at the cost of basic human services.Every class Bangladesh pays, on an average $ 1070 million, to its foreign creditors. A 2003 study (SUPRO 2003) exclusi vely revealed the fact that for every dollar in foreign grant aid received, the government spends over $1. 5 in debt service to foreign creditors annually. While there is no denying that Bangladesh is heavily dependent on foreign aid and loans to finance its annual budget, it is also true that aid agencies and multilateral lenders in the West have to carry a lions share of the blame for Bangladeshs burden of debt. in the midst of 1980 and 2012, Bangladeshs total outstanding international debt quadrupled.The bulk of this surge in lending to the autocratic regimes came from the International Development Association, the soft-loan window of the World Bank. Can the World Bank and the IMF morally impose the burden of this debt on the Bangladeshi people, when in fact that money provided valuable succor to an autocratic regime that the people were essay to topple at the time? How sustainable Bangladesh Debt is? Bangladesh is classified as a low-income country and is home to the third hig hest absolute number of poor people in the world, after China and India.Despite the huge amounts it spends servicing debt ($1551. 3 million in 2011), the World Bank describes it neither as severely nor even moderately indebted, but instead classifies Bangladesh as less indebted. Instead of rewarding Bangladesh for its track record of prompt debt servicing, the World Bank has interpreted this to mean that Bangladeshs debt must be sustainable. Arbitrary thresholds on indicators like debt/exports made Bangladesh ineligible for the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative or the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative.Bangladesh will not receive through either of these initiatives the debt relief that it desperately needs to finance public expenditures on school and hospitals among other basic necessities. One of the Bangladeshi development experts remarked that- Bangladesh has regularly paid its debts, expanded exports and are now being punished for its success (Bhattacharya 2006 ). The whole argument is that, since these countries are able to repay they must have sustainable levels of debt.The sustainability of debt is primarily measured on the economic matrix called Debt Sustainable outline (DSA) introduced by the World Bank and IMF, which lays too much emphasis on the countrys exports and does not profusey reflect the true nature of the debt burden on government expenses. How can Bangladeshs debt be sustainable in particular when it pays back on an average $1070 million to its foreign creditors in general and $870 million to its so-called benevolent development partners (multi-lateral and bi-lateral donors) annually?For a poor country like Bangladesh, would it be realistic to calculate debt sustainability without looking at how much money it spends on schools, hospitals and roads, on teachers, medicines, clean water and on everything else that is needed to trash the dire poverty blighting so many lives? If a country cannot suffer to meet the basic ne eds of its own people, then how can one argue that giving money to the rich world is affordable or sustainable? How can its debt be sustainable when the cost of external debt servicing exceeds the public spending on health and education, for example?In what criteria, the Bangladesh external debt can be measured as sustainable when it clearly demonstrates that MDG progress is being seriously hampered due to the excesses of debt servicing? Presumably, the international residential district has left a single choice for Bangladesh servicing external debt at the cost of basic services let alone the MDG progress Why Bangladesh deserves full debt cancellation? Undeniably, Bangladesh cannot afford to pay on average $1060 million a year to foreign creditors.Even though the country is making some progress with regard to the implementation of the MDGs, it is still home to 70 million people living in poverty. It has the highest incidence of poverty in South-Asia. In fact, Bangladesh cannot aff ord to pay a single dollar in debt service. If debt sustainability is based on the financing needs for the MDGs, Bangladesh would receive full debt cancellation. Bangladesh needs US$ 7. 5 cardinal a year to finance the implementation of the MDGs. A growing number of NGOs, governments and analysts have come to the conclusion that debt cancellation should be expanded.As independent expert Bernards Mudho explained earlier this year (2007) in a report commissioned for the United Nations There is a need for further comprehensive solutions to the debt problems of poor countries, including further debt relief by other multilateral institutions and for permanent solutions to the problems of bilateral and commercial debts. Bangladesh Debt must be cancelled, because ? Debt costs too much to Bangladeshi people in general and poor and marginalized in particular. People need a healthy and prosperous life that requires increased government spending on basic services such as health, education, w ater-sanitation etc. ? Bangladesh needs to achieve the MDG targets in time. To finance the Millennium Development Goals, every year a staggering US7. 5 billion in external budget support is needed. This is about four times the amount of aid and concessional loans currently provided by foreign donors and creditors. ? At this juncture, Bangladesh can no longer afford to pay a single dollar for debt servicing. Because.. Every dollar paid in debt service is a dollar lost for the MDGs. Part-B Impact of Foreign debt on Bangladesh 1. do on Economic growth 2. personal effects on NNP 3. Effects on Inflation 4. Effects on investing 5. Effects on consumption 6. Effects on Production 7. Effects on Distribution 8. Effects on Risk, uncertainty, liquidity Part-C Statistical Analysis 1. Trend Analysis of Foreign Debt Trend Analysis of External debt of last 10 years is given below Y=1714. 5+0. 8647x R? = 0. 9247 Appendix Table 1 shows the summary of trend equivalence and r2 of External debt of Ba ngladesh.The trend equation of Foreign debt is, Y=1714. 5+0. 8647x and the square of correlation coefficient (r2) = . 9247. Interpretation The trend equation indicates that during the period from 2003 to 2012 debt increase at the rate of . 8647 billion per year and 1714. 5 is the average external debt of Bangladesh. It is reflected from the table that trend equation of foreign debt are positive and goodness of fit of all the equations are very high. 2. Descriptive Analysis of Foreign Debt Descriptive Statistical Analysis of External debt of last 10 years is given below (All amounts are in billions) Descriptive Statistics N Range Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation Variance Skewness Kurtosis Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Std. Error Statistic Std. Error Foreign_Debt 11 8. 7200 16. 5000 25. 2200 2. 103273E1 2. 9825127 8. 895 -. 169 . 661 -1. 108 1. 279 Valid N (listwise) 11 Interpretation This table provides statistical information about the data set, such as showing mean value of foreign debt individually and its deviation.For this information, for instance we anchor that minimum value of the variable is 16. 5bill, Maximum value is 25. 22billon, its mean 2. 103273e1 and Standard deviation is 2. 9825127. 3. Correlation Analysis Table shows the correlation matrix for estimating interrelationships between chosen economic parameters of Bangladesh. Variables GDP real Growth standard of Foreign Debt Inflation rate enthronement gist Remittance Inflow Import Export Amount Foreign Reserve GDP real Growth Rate 1 . 635 . 638 . 748 . 427 . 457 . 485 . 352 Amount of Foreign Debt . 35 1 . 819 . 555 . 919 . 901 . 920 . 846 Inflation rate . 638 . 819 1 . 518 . 686 . 742 . 763 . 494 Investment Amount . 748 . 555 . 518 1 . 406 . 433 . 468 . 222 Remittance Inflow Amount . 427 . 919 . 686 . 406 1 . 915 . 935 . 920 Import Amount . 457 . 901 . 742 . 433 . 915 1 . 994 . 888 Export Amount . 485 . 920 . 763 . 468 . 935 . 994 1 . 885 Foreign Reserve Amount . 352 . 846 . 494 . 222 . 920 . 888 . 885 1 From the correlation matrix we have observed the followings GDP real Growth has moderate correlation with foreign debt, inflation rate, investment and low degree of correlation with remittance, import, export and very low correlation with GDP per capita. Foreign debt has strong correlation with. Inflation rate have strong correlation with. Investment have strong correlation with. Remittance inflow has moderate correlation with Import has strong correlation with Export has low correlation with Foreign exchange Reserve has low correlation with Part-D Recommendation & Conclusion Recommendation The international community including the G-8 must take necessary steps immediately to ensure full Debt cancellation for Bangladesh Debts must be cancelled as a matter of justice creditors must accept their share of responsibility in creating the current debt crisis, and cancel debts on this ba sis A MDG-consistent frame-work of Debt Sustainability should be applied and cancellation must be available to all that need it The issue of Climate Change and its adverse effect must be taken into account and additional fund should be released to overcome the adversity linking it with MDG process The governments of indebted countries must demonstrate to their citizens that they are spending money well and accountably.But this must not be used as an excuse to impose economic policy conditions or to limit those countries receiving debt cancellation by the donor community Rich countries, institutions and commercial creditors must cancel all illegitimate and un-payable debts being claimed from all poor countries Total Debt stocks must be cancelled, not just servicing debt service cancellation for a limited period is not enough. Debt cancellation of any kind must not be conditional and it must not be considered once again as ODA Conclusion The study has been conducted with a vie w to examining the presence of crowding- out effect of public borrowing on the private investment in the Bangladesh economy.To happen upon the task, a model for investment function has been specified and estimated considering public borrowing, GDP and interest rate as independent variables. A long -run relationship has been estimated and study by performing unit root test, co integration test and an error correction model. The main findings of the study confirm with statistical significance that there is no crowding- out effect in Bangladesh, rather, the crowding- in effect is evident. This result is indeed somewhat paradoxical in terms of conventional wisdom. The study has assay to offer a rationale for this seemingly paradoxical finding from a macroeconomic point of view.In doing so, it has analyzed a couple of macroeconomic issues and ended up with the conclusion that the presence of crowding- in instead of crowding out effect can be attributed to such factors as excess liqu idity in the banking system, insensible government competition with the private sector, relatively sustainable public debt scenario, government expenditure for transfer payment program , significant development expenditure for producing those goods and services which has the potential to discharge positive externalities, government microcredit programs and ADP -black money linkages. The results of the study have important implications for the fiscal management.Existence of excess liquidity and possibility of crowding in effect together put the fiscal authority in a position to foster private investment and hence economic growth through expanding borrowing backed public expenditure. However, the overall criteria that public expenditure authority ought to ensure is the transparency and efficiency in its programs. Moreover, government can avoid unnecessary inflation and external indebtedness by reducing reliance for funds on Bangladesh Bank and foreign sources as long as excess liqu idity in the banking system prevails. In view of the perceived limitations inherent in this study, the following aspects may be taken up by future researchers Decomposing private investment by category and taking each of them as separate dependent variable Segregating borrowing by government itself and borrowing by other public sector corporations, and considering them as separate explanatory variables Splitting public borrowing by sources (not only banks, NBDC or general public but also Bangladesh Bank and external sources) and taking all of them as explanatory variable s Incorporating a dummy variable for capturing the issue of economic reform and morphological variation between after and before 1990 periods and Finally, if possible, carrying on the whole study on the basis of quarterly data to make the analytical framework parsimonious. pic 10

Tuesday, May 21, 2019

Safe use of ICT in a Business environment

* discover reliable all employees adopt the correct posture and switch an adequate lower back support. This slenderises the risk of tension strain headaches and musculoskeletal problems like neck pain, Chronic back pain and upper limb disorders such as Repetitive Strain Injury. Repetitive Strain Injury can be stopped by using a wrist support along with an ergonomic keyboard, and keeping forearms horizontal.* Make received all employees take regular breaks from their computers. This reduces the danger of eye strain, headaches and discomfort. This can be lessen by making for certain eyes be level with the monitor and making sure there is good background lighting and a monitor filter to reduce glare.* all(a) employees should get regular eye locoweed checks. This reduces the danger of deteriorating eye sight. This can be reduced my making sure that the company pays for regular eye sight checks. The employee must go to the appointment and get the treatments provided.* Make sure all employees have the correct positioning of equipment. This can reduce the danger of eye strain, headaches and discomfort. Make sure the computer monitor is positioned away from the direct sunlight to reduce glare. Make sure the keyboard is not too far away, or too close, so there is no discomfort of the wrists/hands.Protecting Physical Safety* Make sure there are no trip hazards, e.g. trailing cables. This can reduce the danger of employees tripping and harming themselves. This can be reduced by taping cables to the wall or keeping wires in wire surrounds on the wall.* Make sure the electrical safety is upheld, e.g. electric checks (PAT), no water by the machines, not overloading sockets. This can reduce the danger of universe electrocuted by the computers. This can be reduced by making sure the company has regular electric checks, make sure no employees take water near the machines, and make sure the sockets are not* Make sure there is safety equipment to avoid machinery fallin g. This can reduce the danger of employees getting hurt by falling equipment. This can be reduced by regularly checking the safety equipment and replacing it when needed.* Make sure employees observe the Health and Safety rules. This can reduce the danger of injuries and the company being sued. This can be reduced by telling employees the Health and Safety rules and keeping them in sight for everyone to see.Protecting Flies from Loss* Organising Files. Make sure that the Files are organised e.g. meaningful file/folder names, Structuring files. This makes sure that file/folder names are not forgotten and where the file/folder is isnt forgotten.* living strategies. Files should be backed up and frequently checked to make sure that they have not been tampered with. This makes sure that files are not lost if they are unintentionally deleted or lost somehow.Protecting files from un charge accessPasswords* Passwords to open files. This makes sure that no-one that is not authorised can o pen files.* Passwords to Modify documents/files. This makes sure that no-one that is not authorised can modify files.* Passwords to protect the contents of the Documents. This makes sure that no-one can delete all the contents of documents, or steal all the contents.* Choose a dependable Password Choosing a strong password is essential. If a weak password is chosen, then there is next-to-no point having a password because it can be comfortably hacked. Use numbers, uppercase letters, mixed with lowercase letters, and mixed with symbols. This will make your password strong, and VERY hard to crack

Monday, May 20, 2019

How Much Is a Database Worth Essay

1) Many small duty owners have found it financially advantageous to purchase their own building. As one owner remarked upon his retirement, We did well with the business, nevertheless we made our signifi brush asidet money by buying the building. Explain why this might be so. There are trine moderatenesss why a small business owner might want to own the building in which they mould. First, the cost of moving around is expensive. close to small business might need large equipment to operate and completing a move might take months. This would interrupt the flow of the business and put a dent in profits. FlexTime is a good example.FlexTime, a gym has an array of workout machines that would be half-baked to move over night. Most all those machines need to be taken apart and reassembled which is costly. The second reason is that historically, the price of commercialized authentic estate has gone up. Which means while the owner is paying attain his mortgage the value of the bui lding will be increasing. Finally there is very little commercial historical estate being developed. Due to this fact, va outhousecy rates have dropped and rents are rising. According to Conerly (2011), truly little new construction has been completed, and what has been built is almost all owner-occupied or build-to-suit.Almost no speculative real estate has been constructed this past year. Thus when the economy improves, rents will rise immediately (p. 1). 2) To what finale does the dynamic you identified in your answer to item 1 pertain to a database? Do you speak out it likely that in 2050, some small businesspeople will retire and make statements like, We did well with the business but we made our real money from the database we generated? Why or why not? In what ways is real estate different from database data? Are these differences significant in your answer? Three measure Pulitzer Prize winner Thomas L.Friedman wrote a book titled The World is Flat. Friedman maintains that due to the increase in the use of technology the global competitive playing field is being leveled (p. 8). Now, in 2012 it is evident that his hypothesis is true. In 2050, small business owners will make the above statement because like described nigh real estate in question one, the owner of the business may sell his database upon retirement. Along with real estate, data or information does not depreciate in value. There are some differences. Some databases have been collecting important data, related to customers, for years.This information could prove to be more valuable than real estate to a competitor in ones respective industry. Information on customers is priceless. A detailed, in depth database is instrumental in developing out customer needs, habits and reactions to discomforts in the market and can contribute immensely to a small business owners success. 3) Suppose you had a depicted object database of student data. Assume your database includes the name, electr onic mail address, university, tell level, and major(ip) for each student. Name five companies that would find that data valuable. And explain how they might use it.Corporate gyms like La fitness and Life era fitness would find the student records named above useful. Using the name field they could figure out if the student is male or female. From there they could decide whether to offer jazzercise or boxing classes. Based on what university they belong to the gym can figure out if they have a location in that area to pursue the student. Using e-mail address they could send out promotion deals. Chegg. com is an online company that buys, sells and rents student textbooks. Using the fields name, major and telecommunicate address Chegg. om could effectively sucker students in certain majors and therefore rid their textbooks more efficiently. major(ip) hotels would be all over a student database. Though the university field they could figure out what areas to target which universitie s. For example, hotels in Florida are likely to send information to students in universities on the east coast, where as Mexico and calcium hotels might stick to universities a little more west. Hotels in Vegas could use student records like grade level to find out if students are of age. It would be hard to sell Vegas to a student chthonian aged.Delta Airlines would find the information equally valuable because they could promote flights based on universitys vacation schedules on with student names and emails. BikesDirect. com is an online company that allows you to buy, sell and rent bikes. A large number of students ride bikes and for a company like this a student database can be instrumental in their success or expansion. Figuring out which university to target is important. For a bike company they might want to target larger campuses. Through the name field they could figure out gender and email is a good dumbfound to send promotions and receive rders. 4) Describe a product or service that you could develop that would induce students to tolerate the data in item 3. Students in need of tutoring would have to supply the relevant data. If one were to effectuate up a tutoring service that connects all the universities to one database would be useful. From a students email account they could request a tutoring session. The university the student provides would be relevant data because the online tutoring service would have to take on one of its tutors in that area so they could easily meet.They would have to supply grade level and major so that the database can match them with a relevant tutor. 5) Considering your answers to items 1 through 4, identify two presidencys in your community that could generate a database that would potentially be more valuable than the organization itself. Consider business, but also think about social and government offices. If the Department of Motor Vehicles lost its database it would be blasting to the department and ou r community.The DMVs database is vast and contains all kinds of records that are important to other government agencies as well. The legal philosophy department collaborates with the DMV on a daily basis when dealing with traffic situations and suspended licenses. Another organization or agency that has an extensive database is the Department of Labor. They store information like the amount of full time and part time employees, average wage. The Department of Labors data is instrumental in tally out the median income, unemployment rates and the overall direction of the economy.

Sunday, May 19, 2019

Business Ownership Essay

There atomic number 18 three different forms of art ownership, the fix Proprietorship, the Partnership, and the Corporation. Each of these cour confabs suck up major advantages and disadvantages.The mend proprietorship is a business which is owned and managed by atomic number 53 individual. Some of its advantages are, the ease of formation, its management control, and its distribution of boodle. Some of the disadvantages are, its untrammeled liability, the lack of continuity, the capital requirements.Lets begin with the advantages. A repair proprietorship is very prosperous to create. Anyone who wants their own business simply involve to get the necessary licenses from, for example, the state, the county, and/or their local g everywherenment. After he or she obtain these licenses, he/she cigarette begin operating their business.In a bushel proprietorship, the sole proprietor has full control over his/her operations. Because he/she has this control, they cannister res pond quickly to the changes that may occur in the market. This is a great inducement for a sole proprietor because he/she can keep up with the trends.The sole proprietor as well owns all the profits that his/her business takes in. They themselves own the business and whence do non have to go bad the profits with anyone else. The only thing that he/she needs to do with the profits is salary the company expenses and the stick is theirs to do with as they please. This tends to be a great incentive for a sole proprietor.Next, we have the disadvantages. The sole proprietorship has unlimited just aboutoneal liability. The sole proprietor is personally liable for all of the businesses debts. He/she is the sole owner, which instrument at that place is no one else responsible to contributing to the acceptment of debts. This is one of the biggest disadvantages of a sole proprietorship.There is in any case a lack of continuity in a proprietorship. If for whatsoever reason the sol e proprietor dies, retires, or becomes incapacitated, the business could end. When this happens, if a member of the family, or an employee, does not take over the business, the business could be in big trouble.A proprietorship is commonly a small business, and to find proper employees that are dedicated to staying with the business could be hard. The reason for this is that most people look for security, and advancement in their employment, this usually does not come through in businesses which are small. If no one takes over the business, and the business had debts, creditors can go to the courts for a petition to sell off the assets so that they can pay back these debts, therefore the business has discontinued.It is also very hard in a sole proprietorship to obtain capital. roughly banks and other lending institutions have certain formulas/requirements for determining how eligible a borrower may be. Many proprietorships do not meet these formulas/requirements and are therefore limited to whatever capital the owner has to contribute, and whatever currency he/she can borrow. This can be a major set back in a proprietorship depending on the amount of capital the owner has to invest.The next form of business ownership is the followership. A partnership is an association of two or more people who co own a business for the purpose of making a profit. Some of its advantages are its ease of formation, its distribution of profits, its capital requirements, and its taxation. Some of its disadvantages are, its unlimited liability, its lack of continuity, and it management control.Once again, lets start with the advantages. The partnership, like the sole proprietorship, is also easy to shew. All the owners have to do is obtain the necessary business licenses, and submit a few call for forms. If the business is run under a trade name, the partners will have to file for a security to conduct their business. When the accomplish all of the above, they can start ope rating their business.In a partnership, an accord is usually made up outlining the share of profits each partner should receive. It is necessary for the partners to abide by this agreement when it comes to distributing the profits to ensure that each partner receives the right amount. Besides for this technique, there are no restrictions as to how the partners distribute the companys profits, they just need to stay consistent with the agreement.A partnership also has a broader pool of capital than the sole proprietorship. In comparison to the sole proprietorship, the partnership has several owners instead of one. This means that each partners personal assets will support a larger acquire capacity from lending institutions.When you are a part of a partnership, the business is not subject to federal official taxation. A partnerships net income/losses are passed along to the partners as personal income, in which the partners have to pay income tax on. This way, the partnership defle cts reiterate taxation.Next, we have the disadvantages of the partnership. One of its main disadvantages is its unlimited liability. One partner is given the title of the general partner. This means that if there are any businesss (for example with debts), that partner assumes full responsibility. This is also why the general partner is usually the partner with the least personal resources.A partnership, erst again like the bushel Proprietorship, has a lack of continuity. Complications begin to arise if one of the partners die. A partnerships chase inheritance is often non-transferrable because the remaining partner may not agree on working with the person which inherited that portion of the partnership. This would cause great implications in the partnership because one person is no longitudinal there, which means the work that person was responsible for now has to be distributed among the rest. There is a way of avoiding this problem though, the partners can agree on who will obtain the partnership interest in the event of them dying.Lastly, there is great potential for conflicts in a partnership. There is no longer one owner which means control is distributed among several people.With several people in control, there is no way to completely avoid conflicts. However, the partners will have to learn to work through their problems by communicating with each other. If they do not do this, their conflicts will remain unresolved which could end up being the cause of their partnership, and business, failing. Communication is subjective in a partnership, as it is in any form of business.Finally, there is the corporation. A corporation is a separate legal entity apart from its owners, in which receives the right to exist from the state in which it is incorporated. It is the most decomposable of the three major forms of business ownership.Some of the advantages are, its limited liability, its capital requirements, and its continuity. Its disadvantages are, the cost and time in the internalisation process, the double taxation, and the loss of management control.A corporation lets its investors limit their liability to the corporation by let them decide the total amount of investment in the business. This is allowed because it is a separate legal entity, whereas a Sole Proprietorship and a Partnership are not. This also gives the corporation stockholders legal protection towards their personal assets orthogonal the business.A corporation has great ability when it comes to attracting capital. The only limitation they have, is the number of shares authorized in its charter, this too can be changed. The corporation can raise money by simply selling shares of some of its stock to investors. This way they gain money to begin business and expand.A corporations future does not trickery in the hands of one individual person. It has shares worldwide, and will continue to live as long as people invest in it. The only way a corporation can discont inue, is if it fails to pay its taxes or is limited to a specific length of life by the charter.Next, there are the disadvantages. To start a corporation it can be costlyand time consuming. The actual creating of the corporation can cost among $500 and $2,500. There are also fees involved in establishing a corporation which does not exist with a sole proprietorship, or a partnership. In some states you need the assistance of an attorney to establish the corporation, whereas in others you can do it all on your own.A corporation also has the disadvantage of double taxation. This means that it must pay taxes on its net income at the federal level, in most states, and to some local governments as well. The corporation pays taxes on dividends at the corporate tax rate, then stockholders must pay taxes on the dividends they receive from the same profits at the individual tax rate. As you can plan it is being taxed twice.Theres also a potential loss of control by the bump(s) of the corp oration. When shares are sold in the company, you are really selling shares of ownership, which gives some control to the person who bought the share. The more shares the founder sells to gain capital, the more control he/she is losing. This could be a big problem and amount to a great loss of control for the founder if he/she needs a large capital infusion.Lastly, the profits of the corporation are widely distributed. People all over the world can obtain shares on the corporation, and therefore receive dividends from the corporation. Therefore the profits are widely distributed among all the shareholders.As you can see from the information I have given, there are three major types of business ownership. All of these types have their advantages and disadvantages, so it depends on what you decide is better for you in starting a business.

Public Budgeting- Revenue Sources

Three revenue sources in public budgeting keeping Tax Property tax can be defined as a levy that the establishment issues on a persons property. The value assessed to the property is taxed. Revenue of local political relations same(p) cities and counties be derived from property taxes. The revenue is used for administration in political relation and expenses concerning law enforcement, paramedics etc. and alike to gunstock courts in local governments and helps for the payment of services which let in civic centers, company programs, libraries, parks and recreation, and schools.Property taxes are also often used to pay some extract programs such as Medicaid (in New York for example) and also to proffer public assistance such as assistance to needy family (TANF), child welfare services and former(a) social services such as supported employment, adult protective services, domestic violence and ain care assistance. This revenue can also be tracked in public safety like in juvenile detention, probation services and other mandates (corrections/ county jail, law library in county jail, staffing for state and county court, prosecution services, community colleges etc. ).Property tax revenue can be tracked in many ways, it depends on severally state but all states generally use these revenues to fund almost the same programs. Intergovernmental Revenue Intergovernmental revenue is the funds obtained from other governments. These funds usually include grants, taxes which are shared, and contingent loans and advances. Here, funding emanates from all governments (federal, state and local governments). Financial arrangements for funding and delivering intergovernmental services can be complex according to the variability of government structure, organization, roles and responsibilities.For example, government support concerning elementary and secondary schools includes direct funds from the federal government that are passed through state and local governme nts to local educational agencies (www. gao. gov). There are also funds allocated to cover be for elementary and secondary education, these funds include the rent on school buildings for example. Charges for services Charges for services are defined as customers charges and others charges coming from governmental and business activities. Charges for services within the governmental activities category include items such as licenses and permits (for example, business licenses and building permits), fines and forfeits, and operating special assessments sometimes charged for services provided away the normal service area or beyond the normal level of services. Charges to other governments for services such as incarceration of prisoners also are reported in the Charges for Services column (Kattelus & Reck, 2007).These charges include non-homogeneous services rendered within the states for example park entrance fees, document fees, court-filling fees etc. It also implies any governmen t which purchases, uses or benefits from goods and services provided. References Wilson, E. R. , Kattelus, S. C. , & Reck, J. L. (2007). Accounting for governmental and nonprofit entities. (14th ed. ). Boston, MA McGraw-Hill Irwin. http//www. gao. gov/special. pubs/longterm/state/intergovrevenue. html

Saturday, May 18, 2019

Assess the social implications of business ethics Essay

Environment- the environment can affect the human activity. So for example global warming which is the warming of the planets surface that is gaind by carbon dioxide. In order to run a business efficiently they would necessitate to pay certainly that their customers atomic number 18 conscious of whole the environmentally friendly activities that they do and that they argon not harming the environment in anyway as some customers do take keeping environment healthy seriously. Sainsburys is really cautious roughly caring about the environmental and being eco-friendly and making sure that they ar not causing any misuse to the argonas around them.They take the climate change seriously. They are interested about the impact that they guard on the environment. Their aim is to reduce the carbon footprint, reduce packaging and reducing waste. Sainsburys are concerned about the impact that they bemuse on the environment, in any case with the career bags they give they acquire s ure that they simply take out the amount of bags that they need so that the bags are wasted. They want to make sure that they are making a continuous breakment with the environment so that it is not harming anyone.Sainsburys do not want to harm the industrial areas in anyway, and that is why wherever they are located is ever so unhurt where it would not cause any damage to the people or the planet. They want the climate to be skilful and they know what ways it could affect it and what they need to do in order to prevent causing damage and staying away from incommode. In order to improve this Sainsburys can make sure that anything that they do does not affect the environment and maybe before making any major changes they take advices from their local areas in what they think and how and what could be done to improve it.They could also charge for the bags so that the customers do not begin asking for more bags then they already need. Sainsburys could also keep publishing inform ation on environmental performance so everyone realises how important it is to look after the environment. Trading fairly- these are the rules the businesses need to take on which include the business needs to run in an open manner, competition can only come across in between companies that belong to equal parties and making sure their customers are satisfied and are judgement secured with the businesss products and the quality of the products. All usinesses need to make sure that they are honest to their customers and are describing their products as it is to their customers so that they do not get angry by getting the ill-use information. Sainsburys use many products that are organic and make many fair-trade products such as fresh fruits. They need to make sure all their products are traded fairly and are paying their suppliers and employees fairly and make sure they are now paying them below the national minimum wage. They cannot cheat on their employee by providing them with the wrong information about the product or charge their customers extra for the product.All businesses need to follow all the rules and regulations in order to run ethically. Legal and regulatory compliance- all businesses must follow all the laws and regulations that have been set because if they do not agree to following the rules they would not be running the business ethically. all(prenominal) organisation must be truthful to their customers and provide them with the correct information about the product and also not overcharge them for any of their goods and services. Sainsburys need to make sure that they are following the legislations and regulations so that they are not doing that is against the law.They want their business to be running with health and safety so that no one is harmed by it. They try recruiting staff as possible so that they are not the cause of unemployment, they plan their business properly so that they do not have to face any trouble in the long term an d they have been doing that quite well as this is the reason why they are running successfully, they care about the environment and do not want to cause pollution that is why they produce sustainable products.They treat their workers right and follow the rules of not making them work more than they are supposed to, take disadvantage of them, they keep record of all workers and makes sure its available for authorities. They make sure they are treating their customers with respect and are not letting them down in any way. Bribery- this is when a business uses money to sort out the behaviour of the receiver. Sainsburys have always stuck to the laws so they harbourt really been through bribery or in other words corruption. They are always assuring of their plans that they make. They would not do anything that would be illegal. They would not take any actions that would later on make a negative impact on the industry although they could bribe the local government by bragging(a) them ex tra money so that they government would let them do things that they wouldnt let other businesses do. In order to improve their performance Sainsburys could measure their level of corruption and identify their weaknesses.This would help them to improve ways to twin the standards of their customers and all the other people who are a part of their business and physical body out how to improve and resolve any other problems that could occur in the future. Animal testing- this is used to innovation out whether a product is safe and effective. The production of goods can lead to ethical issues, which Sainsburys are against. Almost all businesses test their products on animals before selling it in the market.However Sainsburys do not approve of this as they believe that animals should be treated fairly and with respect so they are constantly working to raise welfare standards. From giving pigs happier lives through improved farming methods, to ensure that their own-label cosmetics meet the Humane Cosmetics Standard and increasing their range of uninvolveddom food products, which meet strict RSPCA guidelines. They offer ample ranges of higher welfare foods and cosmetics at any UK retailer but all Sainsburys products are free from animal testing.

Friday, May 17, 2019

Broke Back Mountain

The 78th Annual Oscar Awards on the 5th of March, 2006, was more of a jolly gathering than usual with the accumulation of a large number of homosexuals, as their favourite movie broke Back Mountain had been put up for the Oscar Awards . This movie depicts the enduring love affair between two cowboys and Ang Lee, the director of the film made a masterpiece of a movie that not only handles the seemingly impossible feat of mainstreaming a gay ro earthce, but is also devoid of soppy sentimentality. This movie is a screen adaptation of a Pulitzer Prize-winning minuscule story by Annie Proulx.This story is set in the 1960s and spans a two decade descent between Ennis Del Mar played by Heath Ledger and goose Twist played by Jake Gyllenhaal. An initial friendship culminates in a homosexual relationship. At first they keep denying their attraction for each other by making statements same This is a one shot thing we got going on here,(Ennis,) you know Im not queer. Me nevery, (Jack). However, they continue to indulge in this and one of them, Heath, returns to his fiancee, although the other, Jack, is reluctant to repudiate the relationship.Ennis marries Alma played by Michelle Williams, has two daughters and embarks on a regular life and Jack eventually meets and marries a Texan cowgirl Lureen played by Anne Hathaway and has a son. After four years Ennis and Jack meet over again and their reunion is and is accidentally witnessed by Enniss wife, who remains silent about the whole episode. This begins their frequent table from their heterosexual lives and they get together two or three times a year by retreating into the majestic mountains to live with each other.This continues for 16 years and their relationship remains unchanged, despite Enniss split up from Alma. In the Western genre homoeroticism has always been predominant and the role of women within the genre has either been as harpies, whores or smokescreens who maintain the heterosexuality of its pr otagonists. The director could soak up without effort transformed the wives of these cowboys into disagreeable wives who would have taken their homosexual husbands to task for their unnatural ways, but the wives be depicted as fully travel characters that would have shown heaven on earth to a heterosexual husband.This story concerns itself not only with the homosexual relationship between the men and the difficulties that this relation places them in but more importantly it focuses on the wonderful strain and disappointment that their unfortunate wives have to put up with. The story is set in Wyoming, which has a culture of cowboys, and where cowboys and herders were considered to be the last bastion of real men left in a field which was becoming increasingly depleted of honour and morals.The emotional impact on discovering that their husbands were unfaithful to them and also that they were foolery in sodomy produces a devastating effect on them. Eroticism has always been acco rded a bigger than life image by Hollywood and the erotic thriller was a popular genre in the 1980s, with movies like Body Heat, The Big Easy, Sea of Love, Fatal Attraction, and 9 ? Weeks turning out to be great successes. In 1993 Basic Instinct was released in this genre, but it proved to be the last of successful movies in this variety.Such movies in spades manage to denigrate heterosexuality and by implication women. For example, Big Love, the new HBO drama about polygamy, promotes raw views regarding women such as that it takes three women to satisfy one man, while one third of a man is enough for each woman. These women are shown to be nagging wives who want more sex than their husband flock provide and the end result is a heterosexual nightmare of domestic and sexual obligations rather than the evaluate male fantasy. The aim of these shows is to promote and praise gay marriage.Whats really galling is that women, like the women in Broke back Mountain are deemed to be fit for nothing better than breeding and are not considered to be human beings, who deserve respect and love. The heterosexual men in this movie are shown in an equally poor light, ranging from Randy Quaids, the employer of these homosexual cowboys, embodiment of repressed intolerance to Graham Beckel as Jack Twists emasculating father-in-law. This movie makes an astonishing statement that the only honourable and masculine men are the gay ones.Enniss wife Alma remarries a loving husband who better provides for her needs, true to form he is portrayed as mild and almost effeminate. The lot of women is terrible and the encouragement of customs that have been identified as depravity by the Good Book and also in the Holy Texts of other religions, speaks volumes for the moral depravity that has befallen us on a lower floor the guise of freedom. Freedom is good, freedom is great, freedom is our birthright but not if half the population, namely the women are going to be denigrated and treated in a derogatory manner.

Thursday, May 16, 2019

Reduce crime rate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reduce crime rove - Essay ExampleThe crime rate has been increasing in the societies for many years, and it has come to pose commodious threat for people in the recent years. The governments have faced a numerous difficulties in compulsive crimes and criminals who commit them. Because of this, the need to find a solution for these crimes has become more important than ever. Led by this need, the entire world has been considering methods and possible solutions in order to decrease crime rates, to restrain criminals and murderers, and implement handicap measures for potential violations of laws. Many efficient procedures were developed and implemented in reducing crime rates. Most of these procedures were ethical, and the other solutions foresaw physical punishment. Crime rate can be, first of all, reduced with help of gun control, mandatory sentencing, and maturation in numbers of police workers, these are all constituents of the efficient crime control policy.The first flavou r on the way to minimization of crime rates in society and a very potent one - is elaborate and well-developed gun control legislation. This is especially important as uncontrolled gun obstinacy might lead to grave consequences guns might be used to kill other individuals for various reasons and purposes. mint could commit murders in the fit of anger or for their personal benefit. In addition, the guns are used by the individuals in order to make the personal benefits such as having funds or stealing a car. Very often, people with bad social background use guns to threat other individuals and extort money from them. If a victim has no gun or other weapon in his or her possession, it result be impossible to protect him/herself and defend his/her rights. Authorities should implement compulsory and thorough inspections for people who requisite to buy weapon. According to Kelling and Corbett (2003), effective law enforcement

Wednesday, May 15, 2019

Allocation Issues in Healthcare Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

Allocation Issues in health care - Dissertation ExampleOver a period of time, the focus has been on the nature and status of the material resources rather the nature and role of aesculapian checkup professionals. Allocation issues in wellnesscare trick be defined as a shortage of medical and health care resources in the form of money, donated organs, trained staff, medical costs and medical tools. All these resources play an principal(prenominal) role in treating patients along with revamping the image and operational framework of health care industries across the world (Butler, 1999). The shortage of healthcare resources occurs at a varying degree in different parts of the world. Some of the these shortages can be taken care of by increasing the number of resources through effective strategies and planning magic spell some of the resources need proper balancing and equitable distribution. The major responsibility of the healthcare professionals is to make health care a superfl uous process and activity by offering desired medical and healthcare support to pot needing the most. ... When resources are considered as social goods, parceling may or may non proceed on the basis of the competition by producing the greater amount of goods for large number of people in the social environment. On the other hand, when resources are assumed as commodities, sparing considerations play an principal(prenominal) role in deciding the tryst of resources. At the micro level, the issue can be address by the ability to pay for the resources while at the macro level, the issue is addressed by analysing the economic structure, healthcare policies and survival of the social and economic structure that is engaged in the production and distribution of resources. Healthcare resources when dumb in terms of materials and human terms are ceaselessly limited. It needs to be understood that healthcare resources are delivers by public and private organsiations and these organsiat ions often face problems pertaining to the availability of healthcare professionals. In healthcare industries, not everyone can become a professional and thus the supply of human resources is always going to be limited. Moreover, approach and attitude of human resources also matter in terms of traffic with allocation issues in healthcare. The research will try to investigate the allocation issue in healthcare by analysing and underpinning the QALY system based on utilitarianism, distributive justice and role of British Laws pertaining to the healthcare allocation issues. All these elements have been discussed in three chapters stating the overall advantages and disadvantages of the current healthcare practices and systems in the United Kingdom. The research worker has also tried to identify the best possible method to deal with health care allocation issues in a critical and